Dimensioning, tagging and schedules that work

A drawing is not read: it is used. Somebody is going to take it to site and set out from it. Dimensioning and tagging are not finishing touches — they are how you tell that person what to build without them having to call you.

This is the third in the series. The phases guide says where the project is; the drawing set guide says which sheets you issue; this one says how you draw inside them.

Every fact is stated once, in one place. Dimensioning the same distance twice guarantees that one day the two will disagree — and that nobody will know which governs.

The dimension strings

A plan is not dimensioned by «putting measurements where they are needed». It is dimensioned in parallel strings, each answering a different question, stacked from the inside out. The outermost is always the overall; the innermost is always the detail.

1 2 3 1.201.50 2.101.20 1.502.10 4.804.80 9.60 1 · Openings and runs Walls and openings. This is the one used to set out. 2 · Grid to grid The structural grid. Shared with the engineer. 3 · Overall Closes the sum. If it does not match string 1, something is wrong.
Three parallel strings, innermost outwards. The openings string adds up to exactly the same figure as the overall one — and that is the check: if it does not, the error is in the drawing, not on site.

Three strings per dimensioned side is usually enough in plan. Inside the building you add a fourth carrying clear room dimensions, which is what matters to whoever furnishes the space and whoever checks accessibility.

The addition rule. The detail string has to add up to the overall. If you dimension every run and the overall and some loose intermediate figure, sooner or later two of the three contradict each other. Dimension the full string and one closing figure — and where one dimension governs the others, say so with CLEAR.

What you dimension to

This is the decision that causes the most arguments on site, and it is almost never written down. Does the dimension go to the face of stud or masonry, to the finish face, or to the centreline?

The criterion is not theoretical: you dimension to what the person is going to set out from. On site the rough face gets set out — nobody can set out a finish that does not exist yet. So architecture dimensions to face of structure, and any dimension that cannot shrink is called out separately as clear.

CalloutWhat it meansWhere it is used
CLEARMinimum dimension that cannot be reduced, measured finished Clear widths, accessibility, lift shafts, equipment access
EQEqual spacing between the marked points Symmetrical grids, setting out, light fittings, façade mullions
V.I.F.Verify in field before fabricating Work to existing, junctions with structure already poured
TYP.Typical — the dimension repeats in every equivalent case Thicknesses, setbacks, sill heights
F.F.L.Finished floor level, not top of slab Every level dimension in sections and elevations
Finished floor level against top of slab is the most expensive and most silent dimensioning error there is. If you dimension to the slab and the finished floor lands two inches higher, every clear height in the building drops two inches — and it is discovered when a door no longer fits. Declare which of the two you use on the general notes sheet, and use it everywhere.

What belongs on the general notes sheet

Not like this

The same distance dimensioned on the general plan and again on the enlarged plan, with figures that started out identical.

Somebody corrects one of the two at revision 3. Now there are two current drawings saying different things, both signed.

Like this

The general plan carries grids and overalls. The enlarged plan carries the detail, and neither repeats what the other says.

When something changes, it changes in one place, and there is no way for two sheets to contradict each other.

Tagging: the mark points, it does not describe

Here is the idea that holds up everything else, and the one most often misunderstood. A mark like 205A does not mean «timber door, 3 feet wide». It means: the door that is row 205A in the door schedule. The tag is a pointer, not a description.

Which is why it matters: if you describe the door on the drawing, the day the ironmongery changes you have fifty sheets to correct. If you tag it, you correct one row.

The drawing says where it is. The schedule says what it is. The moment the drawing starts saying what it is, you have two sources of truth and one will lie.

What gets tagged, and how

The two ways of numbering doors

Sequential · D-01, D-02, D-03…

Simple to start and carries no information. The mark does not say where the door is: finding D-47 means walking the drawing.

And when a door is added halfway through, either everything gets renumbered or a D-48 ends up between D-12 and D-13.

By room · 205, 205A, 205B

The door into room 205 is called 205. If the room has two, they are 205A and 205B. The mark tells you where it is, and the floor number comes built in.

Adding a door renumbers nothing. It is what most large practices use, and this is why.

The schedules

A schedule is a table where each row is one element and each column one attribute. And it is, formally, the project's source of truth: the drawing locates, the schedule defines.

Door schedule

ColumnWhat it carriesWhy it is there
Mark205AIt is what appears on the drawing. Without it nothing can be cross-referenced
Room205 · Master bedroomLocates it without opening the drawing
Width × height × thickness3'-0" × 7'-0" × 1¾"What gets fabricated and what gets bought
Leaf typeSingle swing · sliding · doubleChanges the ironmongery and the opening required
Material and finishLeaf and frame, listed separatelyThey are almost never the same
HandLeft / right, in-swing / out-swingOrdered at fabrication. Getting it wrong means remaking the door
Hardware setReference to the hardware scheduleDefined once and referenced, never described here
Fire ratingMinutes, where it appliesIt is a legal requirement and the authority checks it
DetailsHead, jamb and sill, with the sheetCloses the loop with the details sheet

Window schedule

ColumnWhat it carries
Mark and countW-03 · 42 units. The count comes from counting elements, not from typing
Dimensions and sillWidth, height and sill height above finished floor
OperationFixed, awning, sliding, tilt and turn
GlazingThickness, make-up, cavity, coatings
FrameMaterial, series, colour and thermal break where there is one
PerformanceThermal and acoustic, where the project or code requires it

Room finish schedule

The one most used on site and the one most often done badly. One row per room, columns by surface:

RoomFloorBaseWallsCeilingHeight
205 · BedroomLaminateTimber 3"Paint, all fourSkim plaster8'-0"
206 · BathroomPorcelain tile—Tile to 7'-0" · paint aboveMoisture-resistant board7'-8"
207 · KitchenPorcelain tileTileSplashback at counter runSkim plaster8'-0"

When the four walls of a room do not share a finish, open a column per wall (N, S, E, W) or reference an interior elevation. Writing «as per design» hands the decision to whoever installs it.

Wall type schedule

CodeOverallLayers, outside to insideFireExtends to
W-016"Paint · plaster ⅝" · block 4" · plaster ⅝"—Slab above
W-024⅞"Board ½" · studs 3⅝" · board ½"—Ceiling
W-036⅞"Fire board ⅝" ×2 · studs 3⅝" · insulation · board ×21 hrSlab above

The «extends to» column looks like a detail and is not: a wall that dies at the ceiling separates nothing acoustically, and a fire-rated wall that does not reach the slab does not comply. It is one of the first things an inspector looks at.

They should come from the model, not from your hands

All of the above can be done by hand, and was done by hand for decades. What changes today is where the data comes from: a hand-typed schedule is a schedule that goes stale.

The right way is for the schedule to be generated from the elements' properties. If the door in the model is 3'-0", the schedule says 3'-0". If somebody changes it to 3'-6" tomorrow, the schedule changes by itself — and so does the count, and so does the price.

Hard-typed text

The door width written as text on the drawing: 3'-0" × 7'-0".

The day the door changes, the text does not, and nobody finds out. The drawing looks perfect and lies. It is the single largest source of rework in this whole guide.

Parameter

The drawing reads the width from the element. So does the schedule. So does the count.

Change the element and all three change at once, because they are the same fact looked at from three places.

What that requires first

The chain this opens

When marks point at schedules and schedules come from properties, something appears that did not exist before: the same information serves to draw, to count and to price.

  1. The mark 205A on the drawing points at a row.
  2. The row takes its values from the element's properties.
  3. Counting how many elements carry that type is counting rows: 42 doors of type D-03.
  4. That count is a quantity, and it enters the estimate under its division.
  5. When the door changes, the drawing, the schedule, the quantity and the price all change.

That is the real reason it is worth tagging properly: it is not tidiness, it is that the estimate comes out of the same place as the drawing.

The most common mistakes

Frequently asked questions

How many dimension strings does a floor plan need?

Usually three per dimensioned side: openings and wall runs, structural grid, and the overall. Inside the building you add a fourth with clear room dimensions. The check is that the detail string adds up to exactly the overall.

Do you dimension to face of wall or to centreline?

To whatever the site sets out from, which is the rough face of the wall — nobody can set out a finish that does not exist yet. Grids get their own separate string, because they are the language shared with the engineer. What matters most is declaring it on the general notes sheet and not changing your mind halfway through the set.

How are doors numbered on a drawing?

Two conventions. Sequential (D-01, D-02…) is simple and tells you nothing about location. The one to use on medium and large projects is numbering by room: the door into room 205 is 205, and if there are two they are 205A and 205B. The mark then locates itself, and adding a door does not force a renumber of the project.

What columns should a door schedule have?

At minimum: mark, room, width by height by thickness, leaf type, material and finish of leaf and frame separately, hand, hardware set by reference, fire rating where it applies, and the sheets carrying the head, jamb and sill details.

What is a «clear» dimension?

A dimension that cannot be reduced and is measured finished — clear widths, accessibility, lift shafts, space to service equipment. It governs over the others: if a conflict shows up during construction, something else gets adjusted, never that one.

Why should you never scale a drawing?

Because the drawn geometry can carry inaccuracies the dimension does not, and because printing at another size changes the scale without telling you. The dimension always governs over what is drawn. If a figure is missing, ask — and that question is a formal RFI, not a phone call.

From the drawing to the estimate, without retyping

VDClens carries a project from the model to the site in one application: the sheets and their revisions, the quantities that come off them, the budget and the field. Every number stays tied to the sheet and the revision it came from.